Plain English Finance
The Plain English Finance podcast is hosted by Tré Bynoe CFP® CIM®, a financial planner with TCU Wealth Management and Aviso Wealth.
While Tré specializes in working with families with more complicated finances, typically involving corporations and trusts, this podcast is for anyone wanting to learn how to make high-quality decisions based on evidence, to give themselves the highest likelihood of financial success.
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This podcast is provided as a general source of information and should not be considered personal investment advice or solicitation to buy or sell any securities.
The views expressed are those of the individual and are not necessarily those of Aviso Financial Inc.
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Plain English Finance
Too Good to Be True? Investment Red Flags Explained | Ep. 51
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Have you ever looked at an investment and wondered if it was too good to be true?
In this episode, we walk through the red flags that can show up in private investments, real estate deals, mortgage funds, and other “exclusive” opportunities.
What I cover:
- Why high returns with low risk should immediately raise questions
- The problem with returns that look too smooth or consistent
- How urgency can push people into poor investment decisions
- Why you need to understand how an investment makes money
- Why you also need to understand how you could lose money
- The hidden risk in private or illiquid investments
This episode is for education only and should not be considered personal investment advice. Always speak with your financial, legal, and tax advisors before making investment decisions.
Subscribe for more plain-English conversations about investing, financial planning, and avoiding costly money mistakes.
Have you ever looked at an investment and wondered whether it's too good to be true? This episode will dive into the type of things to look for and maybe some red flags that are pretty obvious for me when I'm looking at investments to know if it's kind of a scam or not, but maybe a little less obvious to the average person. Okay, so let's talk about
Sierraquick question. Do we not do the, hello, welcome to the plain English Finance anymore?
TreNo. Apparently it's not very good for podcasts and intros and stuff like that.
SierraOh, it feels wrong. It's been so long. Yeah. 50 episodes worth,
TreOne of the things you learn, during the episodes, but part of part of any podcast is getting people to listen past the initial stages and. In order to do that, you have to kind of get right into
Sierrathe content.
TreThe content, and why should they listen? Why should they stick around? So
Sierraas I'm like, let's talk about this. Okay, moving on, moving on. Very
Trechoice. so yeah, so this episode is, I kind of wanted to talk to you and get an idea of,'cause you didn't know what we was gonna talk about or anything, but I wanted you to tell me what you would look for, I guess, if you was looking for an investment opportunity. You know, this thing's changing, right?
SierraYeah. I didn't know how to fix it right now, so I was like, well, let's just spice it up a little in the video. Okay. This time. okay, wait, so what was the question? What would I
Trelike bent? My,
SierraI don't know. Oh, no,
Treboy.
SierraOh boy. that you can blame Ariyah for that one because she's been in here.
TreIs it Bend? Bend? It looks like it. Did she bend it?
SierraMm, I don't think so. I think it's the carpet.
TreOh, okay.
SierraLike the stand doesn't sit straight. Okay.
TreSo investment, you are looking for an investment. What type of things are you looking for?
SierraLow cost, broad. ETF.
Trejust regurgitating stuff then as you Yes. say Yes. No. Am I right? Like, what are you looking at? If, let's say somebody said, Hey, we're gonna give you an, like, there's an investment opportunity. I want you to invest, it's a real estate.
SierraMm.
Trewhat are some red flags, I guess, or some green flags? For,
Sierrafor real estate?
TreYeah. For any real investment. what are you looking for?
SierraThe numbers definitely.
TreOkay. So I say, Hey, we're doing, I think they're one of the examples I have here. They were promising 15% returns to real estate.
SierraMm-hmm. who's, they?
TreJust this company that I found, but they'd been doing it since 2013.
SierraThey'd been like doing,
Treinvesting people's money, giving them 15% privately.
SierraI don't know why. I'm just. I'm just getting The ick
TreWhy? why, but why though?
SierraSuch a high return. I'm like red flag right now. 15% I guess what? 15% over how long? Annually?
TreYeah.
SierraNo, something, right?
TreWhy is something not right?
SierraI don't know. I can't really tell you. But something that's too good. If it's too good to be true it pro or, I mean, if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.
TreYeah,
Sierraso I, I guess that would be, I don't like people promising. either. promising 15%, no, I wanna see the numbers. And you know what, this sounds like,
Trewhat
SierraI know what this sounds like. There's a company, I don't know if I'm allowed to say all this.
TreI don't know either. So I'm gonna be very careful with what I, I, I wanna say, I was reading the articles and it was like, they, they got, they got fined a bunch. Yes. And there was, but. They, they stopped short of saying outright fraud, so I'm not going to use that term. But
Sierrayeah, I think I know. Was the company in close proximity?
TreWas it a Saskatoon company? Yes.
SierraDo like, as if anyone couldn't figure that part out.
TreYeah. It's a company that collapsed in January 2022.
SierraI know exactly what this is.
TreYeah.
SierraAnd I think that's why it was like something was going off in my brain like, this is weird. Like be careful. I couldn't remember exactly all the details, but yeah, I remember it was around real estate.
TreMm-hmm.
SierraAnd promising high returns.
TreYeah. So fundamentally, the reason that that automatically raises a flag for me is that. We live in a capitalist society, so because we are in a capitalist society, there are, there are rules around a capitalist society. One of those rules is if money can go somewhere and earn a high return with low risk it will do it, and it will force the returns lower. Yeah,
Sierrayou are gonna have to regurgitate that one.
TreSo there is no such thing as return without risk.
SierraYeah.
TreOkay. For
Sierrasure.
TreAs soon as there is something that is return without risk, all money will go there. Which will reduce how much return. Yeah. Something needs to pay for that said thing. Mm-hmm. Right. Because nobody's gonna overpay. somebody to borrow money from them, nobody's gonna do that. That's the way capitalist society works, and that's the way that our money works, is that nobody is going to overpay for no reason. Therefore, all else being equal, very likely the risk is very closely tied to the return that you are getting. Mm-hmm. Okay, so there's no such thing. Everybody wants it. Everybody would love to have high return, low risk. It doesn't exist. Yeah. In a capitalist society because as soon as there is any sniff of high returns with low risk, all money floods. There drops the and which means that whoever's providing those returns doesn't have to pay as much. Therefore, it will reduce. The cost though. That's just the nature of it. Why are you smiling so much?
SierraSorry.
TreSorry. You smile like a crazy person.
SierraI'm thinking of the stupidest joke right now and I don't wanna What?
TreYou smile You smile like you're gonna lose your mind.
SierraI'm trying,
Trewhat was you gonna say?
SierraI'm gonna, I'm crying right now.
TreThis camera angles really bad as well, I think. Yeah,
Sierrajust, yeah. Anyways,
TreWhat was your joke?
SierraI was gonna say, so when you say like, no risk, no reward.
TreThat was your joke?
SierraI was, and I was thinking, this is so stupid, but I wanted to say it, but then you just kept going, and anyway just
TreOh boy.
SierraCan you tell we're like, so once again, we're sick. It's 2026 and this is, I'm sorry, the fourth time. I've been sick. I've been sick more this year, I think. Then I've been, well, I realized today I was like, I think I've actually been sick more this year than, well anyways, sorry. But that's why I'm a little, that's what I'm gonna blame it on anyway. I'm like, I'm in a, I'm in a goofy mood again. Sorry.
TreOkay. So, so big red flag for me is returns that don't make sense for the market. Yeah. Okay. So when, especially when it comes to real estate. It means that in order to get those type of returns, it means that some, like, let's say it's in mortgages, they say you're saying like mortgage debt. And you provide loans to people to cover their mortgage.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreAnd you are telling me that you can, there's people out there, there's companies out there that you are telling me you can get 8% rate of returns on a mortgage.
SierraI'm like, I have no, you I, that all went right around. I'm like, don't laugh, don't laugh, don't smile, don't laugh. So I missed the, okay. Red flag. Greater return. That's what you were saying.
TreYeah. So a major red flag for me is when they're offering rates of return that don't make sense.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreThere are, there are debt companies out there that are fixed income companies that are saying that they can get 8% rate of return on mortgage debt. It's not gonna happen. Who in their right mind is paying 8% on mortgage debt? People that can't get proper lending.
SierraYeah, like
Trethere's insane cash money.
SierraLike would Yeah.
TreThat you would be lending that somebody would pay 8% on a, on debt.
SierraYeah.
TreHow on earth are you telling me that you can get 8%? On mortgage debt. It's just, it's just so look, I don't care if you, I don't care how many years of proof that you come up and show me. I know that is counter to a simple capitalist society where if you can get lower debt, it's not telling me that. It's not somebody saying that. Okay, the average is 3.5%, I can get 4%. No, you're saying you can get double the rate of return of an average mortgage fund. No.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreVery unlikely. So there are a few things that you should, that you should look for. So first off is returns that are too high. Don't make any sense. Second thing you're looking for are returns that do not fluctuate.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreAnd this was the the. big giveaway for Bernie Madoff.
SierraThe mortgage guy, the 2008 guy?
TreNo, not quite. He did a big biggest Ponzi scheme in history. Okay. Bunch of very wealthy people got involved in this Ponzi scheme, but the issue was that the returns were too steady. That is not how markets return. So we, we often say markets return, you know, 8% on average. You can count on one hand how many years have actually been the 8% rate of return. Mm-hmm. Normally it is significantly higher or significantly lower. It just averages out to 8% when something is returning that type of figure consistently. It is a red flag.
SierraWhy?
TreBecause that's not how markets work. That's not, But it's how companies grow. That's not, it's just, it's just not how money moves and wealth is created in a capitalist society. Would you say it's how create wealth is created in a society that is being controlled?
SierraYeah, that's what I was gonna say. Would you say that's kind of like a red flag that. They're not paying you appropriately? Almost
Treboth. It's a red flag that they're either not paying me appropriately when markets, when the investments are returning more and that they're making it up when the investments are returning less.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreRight. It's, it's just, it's not, it's comforting. I'm sure it'd be very comforting for money to go like that way. But that's not the way that it works. Mm-hmm. It is just fundamentally not how a capitalist society works. That's not how money functions. Mm-hmm. So the expectation that suddenly this one individual has found this miracle way to do said thing.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreI'm sorry, but your$1 million, your$2 million, your$50,000 is not, not the type of people that this individual would be dealing with if they could do that.
SierraYeah.
TreLike if they could genuinely do that and they could genuinely go earn 8% a year on investments. CPP Canada Pension Plan has averaged like six. Go work for them and make a billion dollars a year and set for life. Like there, there is plenty of money out there that would love if you could genuinely do that and prove it.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreLove for that type of thing. Yeah. Yeah. They're not doing that because they can't genuinely do it there. There's more to the story. Okay.
SierraYeah.
TreUm, Unusually high returns, returns are smooth, too smooth. Speed. So this is really common with even scams where they will create a sense of urgency.
SierraYeah.
TreThat you have to act now because the faster you act, the less you'll actually think about it.
SierraYeah.
TreRight. A lot of people when you're, when they're caught in scams, when they're caught in like bad investments that like clearly were like fraudulent investments, not just, oh, we lost money, but like fraudulent type investments. Mm-hmm. Oftentimes there is a sense of urgency around it.
SierraYeah.
TreThat when you look back, you think, oh, how did I miss that? But it's the urgency. Yeah. You create a sense of urgency and then you, you act on that and
Sierrabecause there's something inside you that's like, I don't wanna miss out on an opportunity.
2020_0426_0030Either.
SierraEither. Absolutely.
TreYeah.
SierraAnd sometimes there is an urgency to certain things, but yeah. Is it worth the trade off of? What if this is. And I guess, yeah. When would that happen with investing money? I could not see it ever being urgent like that.
TreNot in that sense.
SierraYeah. Yeah.
TreNot in that sense. Yeah. And if it was, it would be, there's, I can only think of a handful of scenarios where you could genuinely lose an opportunity if like somebody is raising money for something specific. But again, if you are in the type of, if you're investing in something and you cannot afford to lose the money. I mean, you shouldn't be investing in it in the first place, so, mm-hmm. Those type of investments are not for the vast, vast majority of people.
SierraWell, so what is a fraudulent investment, you said? What's the difference?
TreWhen misrepresenting. misrepresenting. So there's a difference between somebody like you invest in a business and the business goes under because the business goes under. Mm-hmm. That is very different than,
Sierrathat's just a bad investment.
TreIt's a bad investment. Yeah. It's like that would happen depending on the type of investments that you pick. That's very different than somebody misrepresenting like a Ponzi scheme. A typical Ponzi scheme is like they are paying, they're misrepresenting the facts and paying investors with other people's money instead of the return that their investment strategy is earning.
SierraIs that the same as a pyramid scheme?
TreYeah. Yeah. Same thing.
SierraYeah.
TreYeah. Pretty much. Same thing. Yeah.
SierraI always, yeah, I always try to figure that out.'cause there's a lot of companies that I'm like, I'm pretty sure that's a pyramid scheme. I'm not gonna call'em, we
Trecall them, some of them call them multi-level marketing.
SierraYes. MLMs. M's. which I'm like, and then I, sorry. It's very, I,
TreI don't know what the difference is. I've, I've looked at research. I, I, I do not understand what the difference is between, between them. I, I really don't like,
Sierrait seems like a common thing, like not to call out anybody specific, but. I've noticed a lot of women get involved in these MLMs that are, and they're like targeted. It's either skincare or makeup food products, like those things, and I'm just like, I've hair products
TreA lot of them of sold to people as get rich quick type schemes.
SierraYeah. Similar. Yeah. It's like, oh, I've made this much money. Like I want you. It's like we're friends. I want you to do that too. I just remember there was a time where this one product slash company was getting really popular in like people I knew and like four or five people came to me and were like. You should start selling, like, you need to sell this product. And like, reaching out to me one time, this girl from high school who I hadn't talked to in years and years, reached out to me and called me and was like, oh, you should get involved in this. And I'm just like, what is this? I don't, that kind of stuff, I'm
Tresketch
Sierraimmediately. Like
TreSketchy.
SierraYeah. Sketches me out.
TreStay away.
SierraI never was like even back then. I was a lot younger back then and more naive, but I remember just thinking like, something about this just doesn't feel right. And I mean, not that like, not that I wouldn't fall for it, I guess.
TreMm-hmm.
SierraBut there, I think once you're exposed to enough. I worked in banking, so thankfully I had a lot of like fraud training and that kind of stuff. I think those things do help understand. I hate
TreI think so, too. Oh my gosh, I hate doing those type of things,
Sierrathe phishing emails,
Treall that stuff. But yeah, for sure. Now I see an email because something in you is
Sierrajust like
Trethis, not rightly,'cause you just, you just have this thing at the back of your head that just says This is wrong.
SierraYeah,
Treyeah, absolutely.
SierraI guess the training worked
TreI guess so. Yeah,
SierraI guess the security team gets a little bonus this year. Just kidding.
TreWe now get like the, random email that if you don't hit it as phishing, you'll have to do extra training on it now.
SierraYou've gotta, you can't just ignore
Treit and then you phish. Yeah. Then you, you hit, you hit it and say, well done. This was sent by your IT department, and then you're like, dang. Now I have to make sure that I actually hit the phishing button. Because with my email being out there in the world, the amount of garbage that comes through my email is unreal. Yeah. You get very good, very quickly at just like. Knowing what gets ignored and junking it and getting like, because the amount of, I'm pretty sure AI has had a part to play in it as well. Yeah. Where it'll go and crawl the internet for emails,
Sierralike lists
Treof emails and,
Sierrabecause once you're, yeah, for sure. Once you've put your web
TreUnreal. Yeah.
SierraYour email address out there, it can do that.
TreYeah.
Sierrayeah,
TreYeah. Yeah. Okay.
SierraSorry. Keep going.
TreOkay. another thing would be a major, major, major thing is hard to understand strategy. If you cannot understand the, the way that this is making money, stay away from it.
SierraYeah.
TreAlso important thing that you need to understand is how do you lose money?
SierraMm-hmm.
TreOkay. That is a really, really important thing to understand. There is no such thing as an investment with no risk. People might think to themselves, Hey, aren't GICs no risk? No, GICs are, there is a reason that the government insures them up to a certain dollar figure, and if you're with the credit union, it's slightly different. But with a, with a bank, the government only insures up to a certain dollar figure. Why? Because the risk is that that company goes under, right?
SierraWhat company? Sorry?
TreThe bank.
SierraOh, just the bank.
TreThe bank, yeah. The risk is that that's what A GIC is a guaranteed investment certificate, but who is doing the guaranteeing? It's the bank doing the guaranteeing. Yeah. And to make people feel even better. Yeah, there's another layer of protection there where the government will back it because they can just print money and guarantee it that way if, if something happened. But the fact is, is that the Canadian banking system is very safe. But there's always risk. So if you, if you're putting your money somewhere, you must understand, how do I lose money in this? And if the answer is, nobody does loses money in this,. There's no way you can lose money in this. Run.
SierraYeah.
TreDoesn't exist in a capitalist society Does not exist. And that's what people, I think, I think a lot of the scams and the, that's the fraud and stuff that is out there is built on the back of this idea that you are special, that you found this special loophole that nobody else knows about.
SierraYeah.
TreNot how a capitalist society works.
SierraI know. Don't you just want to believe you're the one you're like.
TreThat, that, you know, something that everybody else doesn't know. The only way that you get significantly crazy returns is business for self.
SierraYeah.
TreRight. If you go and build a business, absolutely you are entitled to, you should, could expect crazy returns with from your money. If you are paying somebody to go find a business for you to then invest in, that's all gone.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreIt doesn't exist anymore. And that is repeated even in real estate. It's like real estate is a great wealth building tool. As soon as you are now paying somebody to go find a deal in real estate and now everybody's getting their slice of the pie, it takes it from a wealth building tool to another average investment with average returns. Because that is the nature of a capitalist society. You do not get something for free. You have to go do the work yourself.
SierraYeah. Somewhere there has to be work done.
TreYeah.
SierraLike if you're, if you own the business, people might be like, wow, you've, you're getting crazy returns. And yeah, some people do I don't wanna say luck out because they still did the work, but sometimes the returns are a lot higher depending on
TreOh, they, they absolutely, you can, you can expect that though. But let's say me as a business owner, I'm getting these crazy high returns and I wanna bring in a silent partner. With money and all they bring to the table is money. I want to pay that silent partner as little as possible.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreWhy would I give up more of my business than I have to
SierraYeah.
TreTo raise money.
SierraYeah.
TreNobody in their right mind is gonna do that. Yeah. And that's what a capitalist society basically fundamentally says. That nobody just willingness, willingly outta the goodness of their heart throws away money. So, because nobody is willingly just throwing away money, it means there has to be a breakeven point that, an amount that if I'm going to attract a silent partner in my business, that I have to pay.
SierraYeah.
TreAn amount that a silent partner should expect. And that part will eventually come together. And that's kind of the price that I will pay. I'm not gonna pay like a
SierraFairness of some sort.
TreYeah. Yeah. Okay. Equilibrium. I'm not gonna pay significantly more just for the sake of it.
SierraYeah.
TreLet alone pay thousands of people. Significantly more just for the sake of it. I don't even know, like, no, it's not how it works.
SierraYeah.
TreSo if somebody is saying that's how it works, they're wrong.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreStay away from them type of investments.
SierraYeah. No one's. No one's your GoFundMe fund
Trebasically.
SierraBasically, you're not a charity.
TreOkay. Last one is, difficulty when withdrawing money. So there are types of investments that we call illiquid. So they, you can't just be sold, sold and bought easily on the open market and things like that. The issue comes the vast, vast, vast, vast majority of people should stay away from this type of stuff. But the issues come when, Yes. You having there being restrictions on how fast you can withdraw your money is to be expected in certain types of investments.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreIf you're investing money that has any chance that you would potentially need that money, then you shouldn't be using those type of investments.
SierraMm-hmm.
TreIt really is that simple. Like lockup periods are there for a reason and yeah, maybe throughout history they haven't used them. We just went through, like Canada just went through a ton of them. where people, investors couldn't get their money outta these private debt funds and stuff like that because too many people were taking the money out. Yeah. And they have every right to just stop, just, we're just not paying anybody back at the moment. Yeah. Terrifying. Yeah. And while it doesn't, definitely doesn't equal the risk, the line of fraud type, that's not fraud at all. They're very upfront about it.
SierraYeah,
Tredefinitely. scary enough for me. Ain't touching it.
SierraYeah,
Trenot gonna touch it. And the real question comes into if, if I can get reasonable market returns that exceed, whatever they could promise me, why would I
Sierrado,
Trewhy would I add that extra risk in there?
SierraYeah.
TreLike realistically, why? Why would I? Because the issue is that in order for the market stuff to do, perform very poorly. It means likely is tied similar to like what the economy is doing and things like that.
SierraYeah. I
TreGuess at what point those other types of investments gonna do really poorly. Same type of environment. Yeah. So you're not really protecting yourself from those type of environments by just adding this extra illiquidity risk.
SierraYeah. It's not a diversification,
Trenot, not like some people think it is, right? Yeah. It's just, and some people get way too tied on the fact that. that It cuts, it drops volatility, like drops the ups and downs of a portfolio. But here's the facts. If you only value something, only value an asset once a year, it's gonna seem like it's, it doesn't move at all, right? Or in one direction. So your house, how up and down is the value of your house? You only really know when you go to sell it. Right. And you couldn't get an appraisal done. But nobody's out there getting an appraisal done every week to just every year, every, what the value of the home is. So it seems like it's very steady. Yeah. Well, with the markets, it's valued every second of every day. Mm-hmm. So therefore you see a lot more volatility. But just because you don't see it, just because it's not valued, doesn't mean it's not there.
SierraYeah.
TreAnd that's kind of the, the, the loophole that a lot of these private type investments jump through. Where well, it's not valued every day. We kind of, we have to sign a, we have to sign a value onto it based on good accounting principles. Well, good accounting principles has a wide range of, more than I would be comfortable with. So my question is always the same. Is it worth it? Yeah. Is the juice worth the squeeze, as it were? You've never heard that saying?
SierraI don't know if I ever, I don't like it though.
TreWhy? Yeah.
SierraI don't know. know. I don't know. I just did not like that. You it up?
TreYeah. It's a, it's a saying.
SierraI believe you, you know, a lot of like random sayings though. Sometimes I'm like. Taken back, taken aback. Is it taken, aback,
Tretaken? I dunno,
Sierraanyways,
TreI dunno where it's from.
SierraIs the juice worth the squeeze?
TreI dunno. The idiom.
SierraIt makes sense.
TreIt's an idiom.
SierraIt makes sense. I'm sure a lot of people like it. It's a no for me, but,
TreOkay. so yeah, so that's kind of what I basically was just to get people to think about these different type of investment opportunities that come along that. Often come along. You have to really make sure that you understand it. And you have to remember the way that a capitalist society works is that you do not get excess returns for no risk. There is always risk, and if somebody is offering you excess returns beyond the risk that it looks like, there's more going on, there's more going on.'cause there's so much money out there. I know it seems like. Like even to an individual, they made whatever they have seems like a lot of money to them. There is so much money out there sloshing around looking for places to invest. I don't like that one either.
SierraI didn't like that. I dunno why. I'm just like, some of these choices of words are like not good. Money sloshing around.
TreIt's true. There's so much money out there that just wants somewhere to go, that will fill that gap if you have a, if you have a good enough investment, opportunity, you'll find money for it.
SierraYeah, for
Tresure. And there's so much money out there. There, yeah. You'll better find money for it. So somebody over like significantly overpaying double. What the market rate is for money. Sketchy, sketchy, sketchy. Wouldn't trust it. Never trust it. So,
Sierrayep. okay. Okay.
TreBut yeah, that's that. Thanks for listening. Oh,
Sierrado we know what the next episode is yet?
TreI refuse to say next episodes anymore. Oh, okay.'cause I just mix'em up and mix'em. Match them.
SierraOkay.
TreSo, yeah. Anyway, we will see you guys in the next one. Bye bye. Thanks for listening. Plain English finance Podcast.
SpeakerThanks for listening to this episode of the Plain English Finance Podcast. Tre Bynoe certified Financial Planner. Chartered Investment Manager is a financial planner with TCU Wealth Management and Aviso wealth. You should always consult with your financial, legal, and tax advisors before making changes. This podcast is provided as a general source of information and should not be considered personal investment advice or solicitation to buy or sell at any securities. The views expressed are those of the individual and are not necessarily those of Aviso Financial Inc. Mutual funds and other securities offered through Aviso wealth, a division of Aviso Financial, Inc.